The book Research on The Standardization of Community corrections in China, written by Professor Wu Zongxian, Ph.D. Supervisor of the Institute of Criminal Law Science of Beijing Normal University, Director of the Institute of Crime and Correction, and Director of the Community corrections Research Center, was recently published by Beijing Normal University Publishing Group. This book is the final achievement of the National Social Science Fund Project with the same name (Project Approval No. 12BFX048) hosted by Professor Wu Zongxian. It has 10 chapters, over 600,000 words, more than 580 pages, and the price is RMB 167.
Professor Wu Zongxian is an important researcher in the field of community corrections in China, a direct participant in the reform of community corrections and an important promoter of community corrections education. He participated in the translation of National Corrections System (published in 1988) and American Corrections Policy and Practice (published in 1992) when he was a graduate student, which included the contents of foreign community corrections, and played a certain role in establishing the Chinese translation name of "community corrections". After transferred to the Crime Prevention Research Institute of the Ministry of Justice from China University of Political Science and Law, he put forward the early conception of community corrections reform, which is the early achievement of community corrections reform in China. In 2006, he was transferred to the Academy of Criminal Sciences of Beijing Normal University (referred to as "ACSBNU"), and completed the Comparative Study of Community corrections (the first and second volumes were selected into the National Library of Philosophy and Social Science Achievements, published in 2011), which expanded and deepened the research on community corrections.
Professor Wu Zongxian personally participated in the reform of community corrections in China. He is a member of the community corrections system research group of the Ministry of Justice. The early research results he and his colleagues completed provided intellectual support for the research group to write the community corrections reform report submitted by the Ministry of Justice to the Central Political and Legal Committee. After the central leadership instructed the community corrections reform, he took part in drafting the initial manuscript of the document Notice on Launching the Pilot Work of Community corrections jointly issued by the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Justice on July 10, 2003, and did a lot of research and revision work to improve the contents of this document. After starting the pilot work of community corrections in 2003, he did a lot of theoretical research and decision-making consultation for the improvement of community corrections system and the formulation of community corrections law. These efforts have enhanced the understanding of the situation of community corrections and promoted the research on the related contents of community corrections.
Professor Wu Zongxian has played an active role in community corrections research and teaching in Chinese universities. After being transferred to the ACSBNU in 2006, he set up and served as the director of the Institute of Crime and Correction, opened a course of criminal execution law containing community corrections, and instructed several postgraduates, doctoral students and postdoctoral researchers who wrote dissertations or outbound reports on community corrections. At the same time, in order to promote the teaching work, he edited the university textbooks Law of Criminal Execution (first edition 2007, second edition 2013, third edition 2019) and Introduction to Community Corrections (first edition 2011, second edition 2020), which played an important role in China's community corrections higher education and were adopted by many universities. Introduction to Community Corrections also won the first prize of excellent teaching material for professional training of judicial administrative cadres of the Ministry of Justice. These educational work further promoted the discussion of community correction.
All the above researches have laid an important foundation for the research work of the National Social Science Fund Project Standardized Research on Community Corrections in China. After the project was established, Professor Wu Zongxian went to some parts of the country to do investigation and research work. In addition to the strong support from the leaders of the Community Correction Bureau of the Ministry of Justice (and the former Grass-roots Work Department of the Ministry of Justice), he went to Beijing, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Gansu, Tibet, Fujian, Sichuan, Hebei, Tianjin, Hubei and other places to investigate the situation of community corrections, and received strong support from the leaders and peers of judicial departments (bureaus) and community corrections institutions at all levels in these provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions). He has also received enthusiastic help from friends and leaders from universities, prisons and other agencies. According to the records in his research notes, there are more than 230 leaders and colleagues in direct contact! These leaders and peers are not only the recipients and helpers of the research work, but also the practitioners and explorers of community corrections in China, and have made great contributions to the smooth progress of community corrections in China. China's community corrections have achieved outstanding results in a short period of more than ten years, which largely depends on their hard work! Therefore, Professor Wu Zongxian wrote their names and then positions in the Postscript of this book, and solemnly expressed his respect and gratitude! During the course of the research, Professor Wu Zongxian also invited Ma Hui, the director of the teaching and research section of the Law Department of Guangdong Judicial Police Vocational College (he is currently working in the Juvenile Correctional Institution of Guangdong Province), to write the last chapter.
In addition, during the research process, some staged achievements have been communicated with relevant people by publishing articles, submitting research reports, holding special lectures and giving classroom lectures. Some contents have been reflected in the relevant system and community corrections law and other normative documents.
The brief contents of this book are as follows:
The index of legislative and normative documents
Chapter 1 Preface
Section 1.1 The basic problems of this research
The main purpose of this research
The basic meaning of standardization
Main research methods
Literature and annotation
Standardization of working concept
Community corrections
Community treatments
Community penalty execution
Standardization of personnel concept
Summary
Existing main concepts
Discussion on concept standardization
Chapter 2 Applicable object standardization
Section 2.1 Types and changes of applicable objects
Clearly applicable to the stages of five types of objects
Vagueness applies to the stages of five types of objects
Clearly applicable to the stages of four types of objects
Normalization of applicable object range
Summary
The viewpoint of shrinking theory
The viewpoint of expansion theory
Discussion on standardization—view of narrow and wide applicability
Discussion on the necessity of community corrections for crime of stripping rights
Summary
On the necessity from the content of community corrections
On the necessity from the practice of community corrections
On the necessity from the concrete implementation content
On the necessity from various practical needs
On necessity from perfection of criminal legislation
Chapter 3 Standardization of investigation before adjudication
Section 3.1 Standardization of basic concepts
Summary
Main concepts already used
Advantages and disadvantages of existing concepts
Suggestions on standardization of basic concepts
Standardization of investigation procedure
Standardization of investigation start
Standardization of investigation scope
Standardization of investigation period
Standardization of investigation avoidance
Standardization of rights protection mechanism
Standardization of other aspects
Standardization of investigation subject
Standardization of investigation contents
Standardization of survey methods
Standardization of investigation report
Standardization of legal status
Standardization of accountability for remuneration
Chapter 4 Standardization of executive institutions
Section 4.1 Overview of executive institutions
Executive institutions and related issues
Coordinating bodies and related issues
Standardization of law enforcement agencies
Levels and functions of law enforcement agencies
Standardization of county-level law enforcement agencies
Standardization of judicial office construction
Standardization of auxiliary institutions
Summary
Standardization of comprehensive auxiliary mechanism
Standardization of specialized auxiliary institutions
Chapter 5 Standardization of executives
Section 5.1 Main modes of executive development
Shanghai model
Beijing model
Other modes
Standardization of law enforcers for community corrections
Summary
Discussion on standardization of law enforcers in community corrections institutions
Discussion on police in community corrections institutions and their standardization
Discussion on standardization of related identity marks
Standardization of social workers for corrections
Summary
Discussion on functional standardization
Discussion on management standardization
Standardization of volunteers for community corrections
Summary
Discussion on standardization
Attach importance to the role of volunteer organizations
Chapter 6 Standardization of supervision and management
Section 6.1 Basic work of community corrections
Summary
Standardization of information management
Standardization of risk assessment
Standardization of required assessment
Standardization of case management
Summary
Standardization of correction scheme
Standardization of correction group
Standardization of daily supervision
Standardization of classification management
Standardization of periodic reports
Standardization of on-site visit
Standardization of electronic monitoring
Standardization of outbound management
New exploration of daily supervision
Special management problems and standardization
Problems and countermeasures of lack of supervision
Standardization of emergency management
Chapter 7 Standardization of education correction
Section 7.1 Standardization of basic problems
Name and content
Standardization of educational correction team
Standardization of educational content
Standardization of corrective education
Standardization of routine education
Standardization of after-correction education
Standardization of educational methods
Standardized centralized education
Standardization of individual education
Attempt to innovate educational methods
Standardization of community service
Summary
Discussion on standardization
Attempt of community service innovation
Chapter 8 Standardization of helping the needy
Section 8.1 Summary
Use of basic concepts
The important value of helping the needy
Accurate positioning of helping the needy
Standardization of survival assistance
Standardization of temporary assistance
Standardization of social security
Standardization of employment
Standardization of other help
Standardization of psychological help
Standardization of schooling
The development direction of helping the needy
Socialize
Professionalization
Systematism
Chapter 9 Standardization of assessment rewards and punishments
Section 9.1 Standardization of assessment work
Summary
Standardization of assessment content
Standardization of assessment indicators
Standardization of assessment methods
Standardization of assessment regulations
Standardization of administrative rewards and punishments
Discussion on standardization of administrative reward
Discussion on standardization of administrative punishment
Standardization of judicial rewards and punishments
Discussion on standardization of judicial reward
Discussion on standardization of judicial punishment
Chapter 10 Standardization of legal supervision
Section 10.1 Standardization of procuratorial organs
Summary
Useful exploration in various places
Discussion on standardization construction
Standardization of procuratorial work
The object of procuratorial supervision in community corrections
Contents of procuratorial supervision in community corrections
Diversification of procuratorial supervision methods
Standardization of procuratorial supervision activities
Standardization of other supervisions
Standardization of the National People's Congress supervision
Standardization of administrative supervision
Standardization of social supervision
Postscript