The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed the strategy of rural revitalization for the first time, and the revitalization of rural areas must firstly build a beautiful and ecologically livable village. The classification of rural domestic waste is the foundation stone for the construction journey. The construction of garbage classification in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province is in good condition and has a certain representativeness. The garbage disposal in Jiangxi Xingan has just started and is still in the process of construction. The practice team conducted a comparative study on the two places. During the seven-day practice, we visited the Agricultural and Industrial Office of the Xincheng County Government of Jinhua City and interviewed the relevant staff, and also went deep into the countryside. Go to Zhuma Township, Chetou New Village, Rock Village, Meitang Village and other places to inspect the treatment of garbage classification.
The garbage classification and resource utilization of Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, in the advancement and exploration of the predicament and exploration of the “garbage siege”, the local methods that emerged constantly provide reference for the improvement and promotion of the waste classification system. According to the director of the Agricultural Work Office, the local rural waste separation work department has strengthened the publicity, training and education on the classification and management of rural domestic waste, and enhanced the awareness of household garbage classification. In terms of specific implementation measures, rural household waste generators and garbage sorters are required to classify domestic garbage according to the “secondary method”. The implementation of the rural household waste classification and responsibility system requires the responsible person to keep the environmental sanitation in the responsible area clean and orderly. For the garbage sorted by the “secondary method”, it is planned to be handled by different departments. The perishable garbage shall be handed over to the operation manager of the domestic garbage resource treatment facility for resource treatment; the recyclable materials shall be disposed of by the recycling resource recovery operator or the resource comprehensive utilization enterprise; the hazardous waste shall be delivered by the operator who meets the national or provincial regulations. Harmless treatment; other wastes are disposed of by domestic waste treatment companies by incineration and landfill. In terms of specific facilities, the Sunshine Composting Room is a relatively innovative facility that treats waste into fertilizer through high-temperature fermentation, which is environmentally friendly, efficient and practical. The development of related application software also enables cadres to understand the garbage disposal situation by scanning the QR code at the door of each household, which is convenient for reward and punishment. This is also a modern operation mode, which is conducive to long-term environmental governance.
The investigation of Zhuma Township under the jurisdiction of Wucheng District of Jinhua City confirmed the cadre's statement. Through field inspections, we saw that the classified garbage bins at the door of every household were divided into two categories, rotten and incomprehensible, which were clear and easy to understand.
Propaganda measures are also in place, and propaganda columns, banners, and village speakers have played a role in promoting waste sorting. The party member responsibility system is even more obvious and is presented in an open and transparent manner through publicity.
In an interview with local villagers, we learned about the tremendous changes brought about by garbage disposal and the popularity of garbage classification.
Xingan County, Jiangxi Province regards the rural clean-up project as the foundation and the guide of the beautiful rural construction, with the establishment of a scientific garbage disposal operation mechanism, strict reduction of waste source classification, improvement of health and cleaning infrastructure, and careful attention to the construction of health and cleaning bodies. In order to strengthen the shortcomings, we will continue to promote the rural cleaning project with the main treatment of rural domestic waste as the main content in the whole county. Despite the late start, the learning and promotion of Jinhua's experience has been very effective. The “Xiangan County Rural Cleaning Project Implementation Plan” was promulgated, and the rural cleaning project with rural cleaning as the main content was further promoted, and the place was merged. Features, the introduction of a market-oriented system, outsourcing cleaning projects to the company through tendering. In terms of encouraging farmers' enthusiasm, the construction of a “garbage exchange shop” was adopted. A total of 102 garbage exchange shops were built in the county to encourage villagers to convert garbage into soap, laundry detergent and other daily necessities, which are close to the daily life of farmers. It has recycled garbage and facilitated farmers.
And did "two coverage, three guarantees." The so-called "two coverages", first of all, the full coverage of the facilities system, the establishment of urban and rural integration facilities system, the county, sanitation office is responsible for garbage transfer, each county is equipped with four garbage transfer vehicles. Each township has 12 compression stations and is equipped with garbage trucks. Murakami is mainly equipped with garbage collection bins, and each farmer is equipped with a garbage sorting bucket, and the cleaning staff is equipped with cleaning tools. And to achieve the guarantee of the work team. At the county level, it is the rural clean engineering headquarters. The cleaning office and the new rural office are co-located and unified work scheduling. The county level is mainly a sanitation office, as well as a full-time transfer driver and a professional driver team. The township level is a municipal management station, responsible for the rural domestic garbage management work in the township, with three to five staff members. The compression station is configured to clear the vehicle driver. At the village level, there are rural clean-up villagers' councils, composed of five to seven representatives of the masses who are enthusiastic about public welfare undertakings, and are mainly responsible for supervising the behavior of farmers dumping garbage. There are also professional cleaning staff in the village. And the financial guarantee was achieved. The county finance meeting arranges special funds to ensure the construction and daily operation of the facilities. The township finance will also prepare funds, which is mainly responsible for the addition of equipment and the supplement of damaged equipment. The village mainly encourages the revitalization of natural assets, makes good use of collective assets, collects cleaning fees from farmers, and adheres to the principle of “who pollutes who pays”. The third aspect is institutional guarantees to ensure long-term and long-term management. The natural village implemented the perfect policy through the village rules and regulations, and basically improved and improved the environment.
In Meitang Village, we distributed questionnaires to investigate the publicity status of local garbage sorting and specific garbage disposal.
During the visit of Chetou Xincun, the practice team came to the local garbage exchange shop. The model was based on the actual situation of rural areas in Jiangxi Province. Through a fixed amount of garbage exchange daily necessities, the villagers were encouraged and guided to collect garbage and conduct preliminary classification. Increased local waste recycling and environmental cleanliness rates. The store hires villagers with poverty to manage it, which not only achieves the purpose of garbage sorting, but also reduces the economic pressure of poor families. The local clean appraisal board publicly records the cleanliness of the garbage of each household in the village, and will award certain rewards to the “cleanest households” selected by the appraisal. On the one hand, the cadre has a road length and a long lane responsibility system to accurately supervise the sub-region of the village; on the other hand, the public opinion pressure brought by the public will also form a supervisory effect within the villagers, and finally establish a long-term effect of the village. Management mechanism. And communicated with local villagers and successfully completed the questionnaire. During the period, we saw the classified trash cans placed in front of each door. The classification of corrosive and non-corrosive is similar to the “secondary quadrature method” of Zhejiang Jinhua; we also see the local fertilizers to resolve the recycling. Rotten garbage.
In general, the Jinhua model is already a mature model, and the new way of garbage disposal is gradually maturing. We sincerely hope that the two places will build beautiful villages and achieve the goal of rural revitalization.
